VIP Call Girls Pune Vani 8617697112 Independent Escort Service Pune
Food-Energy-Water Nexus Introduction
1. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
An introduction to the concept of the
Food-Energy-Water
Security Nexus
Stefan Meyer
November 4, 2014
Sunbird Capital Hotel, Lilongwe
2. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Page 2
Introduction
Scarcity of food, energy and water worldwide
Inter-linkages between the three sectors
Food-Energy-Water Security (FEW) Nexus –
Opportunities and Challanges resulting from
inter-linkages
Formulating the concept of FEW Nexus
3. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Page 3
Overview
I. Concept of the FEW Nexus
II. Definition of the FEW Nexus
III. Nexus interventions
IV.Challenges applying the Nexus approach
V. The nexus in Malawi – An example
VI.Conclusions
5. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Concept of the FEW Nexus II
Drivers
Endogenous Exogenous
Direct Direct Indirect
e.g. Good
governance in natural
resource
management
e.g. Rainfall e.g. Exchange rate
Page 5
• Drivers affecting the system of food, energy and
water are both outcome and effect.
• Direct vs. indirect drivers
• Endogenous vs. Exogenous drivers
6. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Concept of the FEW Nexus III
Page 6
Time horizon: Short-term or medium-term
impacts
Multidimensionality: Macro (global,
regional and national) as well as micro
(household and individual) level
7. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Definition of the FEW Nexus
The FEW nexus encompasses synergies and
trade-offs between food, energy, and water
security which are impacted by endogenous
and exogenous drivers and cannot be
captured if these sectors are analyzed in
isolation.
Page 7
8. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Nexus interventions
Definition of a nexus intervention:
The intervention must impact food,
energy, and water security, of which at
least one impact must be direct.
Interventions often affect endogenous
drivers (e.g. price and availability) which
have a direct effect
Page 8
9. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Nexus interventions - examples
Page 9
Percentage on histogram indicates
saving compared to traditional cookstove
Intervention Water security Energy
security
Food security
Conservation
agriculture
Direct:
Improved water
retention of
soils.
Direct: Use of
Machinery
increases fuel
consumption
Direct:
Improved yields
and increasing
diversity
Energy-efficient
cooking stoves
Direct: Less
deforestation
improves water
retention of
soils.
Direct: Less
energy needed
for cooking.
Indirect:
Changes in
cooking habits
and time labor
allocation.
10. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Applying the Nexus approach –
General challenges
Page 10
Commonpool resources within the nexus.
Necessity of specific solutions for property
rights on commonpool resources
Food, energy and water security are global
public goods
Lack of global security enforcing
mechansims
Replace silo approach by a system
approach
11. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Applying the Nexus approach –
Challenges for policymakers
Little incentives due to large barriers for
ministries to collaborate
Pitfalls of Individualism
Reasons for cooperation
Lack of responsibility
Page 11
12. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Applying the Nexus approach –
Possible strategies for policymakers
Nexus policymaking:
Develop and agree on common goals
Share responsibilities to obtain goals
Work together to achieve goals
Nexus gatherings:
Coordination of non-participating ministery
Collective resoponsibility by ministries
Horizontal accountability
Page 12
13. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Applying the Nexus approach –
Challenges for other stakeholders
Researchers: lack of articulate framework,
time constraints for group processes,
language barriers, publishing concerns
Private sector: incentive to work on
common problem
Page 13
14. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
The Nexus in Malawi - GBI
Water Energy Food
Impact Change in
water
availability
Energy required
for operation
(e.g. Motorized
pump)
Increase yields of
food and cash
crops and diversify
agricultural
production
Kind Direct Direct Indirect
Outcome
(1):
Might increase
water access
Intensive nature
of energy usage
Ecker et al. (2010)
– greater
diversification and
poverty reduction
Outcome
(2):
Could decrease
water for other
stakeholder
Chinsinga and
Chasukwa (2012)
– property rights
Page 14
15. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Summary
Practical definition of the nexus
Nexus interventions
Difficulties implementing the nexus
Page 15